ischemic mitral regurgitaion the ventricle, stretching the mitral annulus and preventing proper leaflet coaptation. Displacement of papillary muscles: Ischemic damage leads to malpositioning of papillary muscles, resulting in tethering of the mitral leaflets. Reduced v T Tre Rolfson Jun 27, 2026
endoscopic mitral valve surgery handbook of minim pain. Shorter hospital stay and faster recovery. Superior cosmetic outcomes due to small incisions. Decreased risk of sternal wound infections. Enhanced visualization of the mitral apparatus. Limitations and Challenges Steep learning curve requiring specialized traini S Sharon Lowe Dec 15, 2025
