echocardiography for intensivist textbook tral and aortic valves. Parasternal Short Axis (PSAX): Cross-sectional view of the ventricles at the papillary muscle level. Apical Four-Chamber (A4C): Shows all four chambers simultaneously; useful for chamber size and function. Subcostal (Subxiphoid): Provides views o A Alden Kuphal Sep 13, 2025
